Origins and Philosophy of Occupy Movement
Video thanks to MacIverInstitute
Occupy Bankfurt
Dank fuer das Video an mkfilmproduktion
Origins and Philosophy of Occupy Movement
Video thanks to MacIverInstitute
Occupy Bankfurt
Dank fuer das Video an mkfilmproduktion
…. and visions become reality.
In May I have introduced a few visions for a better world and after 4 or 5 weeks I concluded there are not enough “good” ideas to really grow roots in reality. Even though I was sure there must be a way of change as people do not put up with unfair situations for ever. 5 months later I hear about “Occupy Wall Street” which today got worldwide solidarity through “United for global change“
As far as I can see the movement tries out direct democracy in reality and fights for a change from greedy bankers and companies winning to a fair living for everyone. Well done guys ~ I follow your actions with interest!
…. und Visionen werden Realitaet.
Im Mai habe ich einige Visions fuer eine bessere Welt vorgestellt und folgerte nach 4 oder 5 Wochen, dass es noch keine wirklich guten Ideen gibt, um diese Realitaet werden zu lassen. 5 Monate spaeter hoere ich von Occupy Frankfurt die sich Occupy Wall Street zum Vorbild genommen hat und am United for global change teilnimmt.
So viel ich bisher sehe probiert diese Bewegung direkte Demokratie aus und kaempft fuer die Veraenderung derjennigen, die gewinnen: Von den habgierigen Banken und Firmen zu uns allen, um jedem faire Lebensbedingungen zu bieten. Gut gemacht Leute ~ ich werde Eure Aktionen mit Interesse verfolgen!
For a few weeks I have been following several ideas for a vision of a new society. There are many out there more or less interesting and I would love to follow more of them. But as my life is right now I just do not have enough time to do the necessary research and so I have decided to end the project here.
Well I am watching what is happening all around the world and I have a hunch that we will see a lot of change sooner or later.
There is a google-group called “understanding money” and they have been send an article about a society without money. They followed the question but all their answers are: it won’t work as our society is too complex, there are not always enough skills to fullfill people’s needs, we would go back to stone-age and we need some more evolution to be able to co-operate.
The tone of the group is kind of patronising towards those who think a society without money would be possible.
Never the less they raise some points that I have been wondering about while trying to find a new vision for a society that is fair.
For example it is all nice and well if I am good at teaching people but not good at repairing a car if there is no mechanic who or who’s children need to be taught. I guess the system could work if it would not be that direct. The mechanic might need a roof repaired and the guy who needs the roof repaired might have children who want to learn something. But that is all a bit insecure and it would need a big organisation to co-ordinate all needs. There is also the question of the worth: Children need to be taught for a long time while car-repairing and roof fixing does not need that long. How much do I teach the children for getting the car repaired and how much does the roof be repaired to get the children taught?????
Maybe the point is more about materialism. The question is: Do we really need all the things that we have? In theory there could be a community place with all the computers and laptops free to use. Not everyone needs a computer the same time so why can’t someone else use it then? Do we really need all the big houses and loads of food or does half of it do it as well?
A fair society probably really has something to do with evolution: As long as material things are so important and sharing is more of a weakness then something desirable there will not be a fair society in my opinion.
I also more and more get the impression that the only real answer has to be a holistic one. Our problems can not only be answered by saying: Oh money is the source of all problems. Delete it and all will be well.
There must be a change of thinking and a change of wanting. But how do you initiate this?
And can’t there be a fair and complex society and a fair society with money?
I somewhat am in trouble.
I gave myself the project to find out about visions and ideas of a new and fair society but there are not so many that seem to me worth having a look at. Seems to me that there is a lot more research necessary than I have been investing in yet.
Well for now I want to give a bit of an overview what I have learned and what I think about the whole thing:
The main idea seems to be to create a fair society in which all members have a say and have the possibility to develop their own way of life without repression. It is about fairness, tolerance, sharing and fulfilling the basic needs of each person. But it is also about nature conservation and stopping pollution and devastation of nature.
The ideas I have found so far seem mainly to work with a anti-hierarchical structure which I like very much but I wonder about two things. Firstly: There is always someone who tries to abuse the system. How do they deal with those? With the altruistic economy and the Solidaritaets-gmbh it seems to work with recommendations. If you do not do a good job or abuse the contract done between people you get a bad recommendation and therefore will have less “customers” or contracts and so you lose. It would not pay out and so the system would work.
Secondly: In my experience no matter where you work or what you do it seems to me that matters only work if there is someone who takes responsibility and takes the lead. If you try to do it with a census of all people involved it takes a very long time to get somewhere and that’s not a good thing if you want to have some bread on your table. But apparently there are grassroot organisations where it seems to work so there must be a way somehow.
Well 200 years ago it was hard to think for most people in Europe that there would be a society without a king or emperor but today it is possible. Change will inevitably come. What people wish for will come to pass when the time is ripe. No matter what!
Robin Upton is creating an internet gift economy and researches Altruism which he combines to the so called “Altruistic Economy”. He is a consultant and researcher born in 1970. Here are some of his ideas and insights. It is by no means conclusive and he says about his theories that they are a model and not yet fully worked out.
Traditional economics assumes that people are highly informed, rational, selfish, lazy, greedy, amoral,
they ask: “What is in it for me!” Therefore people want more by doing less. In a way that is how businesses work. Shareholders who do not work at all in the Business they give money to get the most out of other peoples hard work. But people are not 100 % like that they do care for their families for example and want a better life for them. But to get that they have to work with the system. Without money you can not buy anything or get a good education for your children. The money system is a top- down system: Central banks create money on computers and distribute downwards through governments, employers, banks ect.
The banks earn e.g. through loans that people have to pay back with more money than they borrowed
so many get into more debt. But the few on top earn more and more. The actual world income situation shows that. The gap between poor and middle class earners and rich people gets bigger and bigger (http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/10/21/business/main4535488.shtml).
A new idea of economy is that of a Grassroots Economy. Altruistic Economy is based on the ideas of Grassroot Economy and is people centred and personal in nature but global in reach. It expresses people’s need to care for each other. In pre-money societies it was important of what people think of you. Meaning: if you help the family or tribe it is remembered and gives you a good reputation therefore people will help you as well. This kind of relationship gets more complicated if there are more than 150 people that you interact with as you can only maintain direct relationships with about 150 people (Dunbar’s number). A key thought in Altruistic Economy is though: there is no limit to peoples indirect connections (see facebook’s friends of friends) with the help of the internet.
In Altruistic economy it is important what you contribute as it gives you a good reputation and therefore you get more help or connections as it worked in pre-money societies. E-bay’s Sellers reputation ratings has shown that this works well. In everyday life we also often chose companies or garages for example that our friends have good experiences with. This seems to work a lot better than advertising for example as advertising focuses on making money not on giving you good value.
The idea is to express a need on the internet: maybe you need a nanny. On the other hand you are good with repairing cars. There would be a board that connects peoples needs. The nanny who needs her car repaired takes care of your children and has her car repaired. If both do a good job you give a good rating on that board and both of you get more jobs or goods. Even though identity theft is an issue they say it is more transparent than the actual system of centralised money as the interactions are more direct so you get the information about the person you deal with directly and not via any maybe manipulated media.
Altruistic Economy is also: ”an information
network. It does not give power to anyone, but gives everyone a chance to
express their feelings about what goes on in the world. Once viable software is
developed, a strong network effect means that personal recommendation will spread
it very quickly, using the increasingly availabile mobile internet access” (see http://www.altruists.org/f481).
This is just a short insight in the idea of Altruistic Economy. For more in dept information see: http://www.altruists.org/
sources: http://www.altruists.org/ideas/economics/altruistic/ and their downloads (What is wrong with money)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altruism, http://www.robinupton.com/, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DnN76OuUggI, http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/10/21/business/main4535488.shtml, http://www.lifewithalacrity.com/2004/03/the_dunbar_numb.html
Die manche links dieses Eintrages sind in englischer Sprache
Inclusive Democracy is a political project as well as a political theory. Its basics were found by Takis Fotopolus who is a political philosopher and economist. It was further developed by him and other writers of the magazine “Democracy and Nature” which was followed by “The International Journal of Inclusive Democracy“.
Its idea is to re-integrate society with economy, polity and nature and its roots lay in two major political traditions: the democratic and socialist. But it also includes more radical movements like the green, feminist, indigenous and liberation movements.
In their opinion the actual state of the world is that of a multidimensional crisis caused by a system of ruling elites who hold most of the power which were created by an interaction of representative democracy, a economy which focuses on growth and all forms of hierarchy. Multidimentional crisis means a social, economical, ecological, political and cultural crisis.
They think that the actual world system can not be reformed but a new one has to be established which ensures a fair distribution of power among citizens on the cultural, political, social and economical level. One of their aims is a new world order based on Inclusive Democracies which are associated in a federation.
Inclusive Democracy needs citizens who are able to take conscious decisions based on autonomy and not on believes, closed theories or dogmas.
On a political level institutions of direct democracy have to be established eg. assemblies on a local, regional, national, continental and global level. All assemblies over the local level need to consist of delegates who can directly be recalled by the local assemblies. This is supposed to integrate society with polity and dismiss state as a separate institution.
You also have to establish institutions of collective ownership of economical resources as well as ways of controlling them by the local assemblies. They aim at securing the basic needs of all citizens as well as their non-basic needs based on the individual choices about work and leisure. This is suppose to integrate society with economy.
In the social realm Inclusive Democracy needs institutions of self-management in production, offices and educational institutions which are lead by the aims of the local assemblies.
Ecological Democracy aims at a reintegration of society with nature to avoid its exploitation to secure all basic needs of citizens which in their opinion can only be achieved by a harmonious relationship between society and nature.
One goal of Inclusive Democracy is to create a massive movement which integrates all campaigns for “ socialism, democracy, autonomy, as well as of the new social movements for equality regardless of gender, race, ethnicity etc.” (our aims at http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/index.html).
They try to achieve this by “the building of a Network of Citizens for Inclusive Democracy which will aim at the creation of an alternative democratic consciousness, through political intervention as well as cultural activities, with the final goal of contributing to the creation of a wider political movement for the transition to Inclusive Democracy. A first step in this direction might be the creation of study groups which provide the opportunity to deepen the knowledge of activists on the various aspects of the inclusive democracy project including the crucial issues of strategy and tactics.” (our aims at http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/index.html)
http://www.democracynature.org/, http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/journal/, http://www.wikipedia.org/
One of the main things in this text seems to be not to gain power but to dissolve power. Dissolve the power of those who own the means of production (doing). In his theory owning something can only happen as the doing (our talents, what we do, what we produce) is separated from the done (what we have done, produced for example with our talents) and the doers.This separation means that the power-to becomes denied or invisible as those who own seem to be the doers. The owners of a business seem to be doing as they have the power over those who produce for example but in reality the owners do not do. It is their employees who do and have the power to do but they are separated from the product of their doing and the way they are doing as the owner can tell them what to do and how to. And it is the owners who gain from their employees doing. The employees seem powerless as they can not take charge of how to do things. Just think about your own job. How often have you thought about how things could be done better but as you are not your own boss you have to do things the way your boss wants it and not how it could work better. Your power to do (make it work better) is stopped by the power over (your boss telling you how to do things).
http://libcom.org/library/twelve-theses-on-changing-the-world-without-taking-power
Today I tried to find out more about John Holloway who’s theories are one root of the “Solidaritaets-Gmbh (Solidarity- corporation limited)” that I was writing about yesterday.
I found an article on libcom.org in which he tries to explain his ideas in 12 thesis and I merely managed to read to number 4 as I do not understand half of it. That frustrates me. There is someone who has a good idea to make this world a place to live in for all of us but he uses words, expressions, sentences that make no sense at all to someone simple like me. How can we change the world when those who think about the ways do so do not speak a language everyone understands? Is that not a way of power over others as well as just the university-language-trained can understand what he is talking about? Translation always bears the dangers of misunderstanding (wanted or not). If the theories to change the world need translation the danger is that people misunderstand it and it does not go where it is intended to.
What have I understood of the article?
Well, as far as I can see he thinks that all reforms so far tried to change society by gaining political power but all of them failed. In his opinion the reason for that is that all today’s political systems are in their core part of capitalism and therefore can not change capitalism. Capitalism for him means that humans are forced to live their lives in a certain way (working for someone else to earn money to be able to gain a livelihood for example) but that is not how they usually want to live their lives. Working (he calls it doing) is owned by the businesses for example but not by the one who is doing (he calls it the doer) it. In his opinion “doing” is a power but not a power over someone. It is the power-to not the power-over. And he sees the solution for change is to stop the power-over and to gain the power-to.
How would that change society? If I am good at gaining information and writing articles then I have the power to write articles. But I might not have the power to produce bread. Someone else might have that power but he might not have the power to gain information. In theory if both of us work for ourselves and not for someone else we could make a contract that I give him the articles for his bread. No money needed and no business between us either. I have the power over my talent/my doing and can earn a livelihood with it as I exchange my talent with the talent of someone else. Well in theory. But the pro’s and con’s are still in discussion in projects like the “Solidaritaets-Gmbh” where people try to find solutions for those things that do not seem to work.
Now those theories seem to me very exciting. I will venture further into understanding them.
Here is the link to the article: Twelve thesis on changing the world without taking power
Links thanks to Wikipedia, Libcom and Solidaritaets-Gmbh